What is the ‘quantum hair’ of black holes and why it might be the answer to Stephen Hawking’s paradox

“Problem solved!” Professor Xavier Calmette from the University of Sussex in the UK told the BBC exclusively and with great relief.

Calmette was one of the scientists who developed mathematical techniques that they say solved the paradox.

At the heart of the paradox is a problem that threatens to undermine two of the most important theories in physics.

The Einstein’s general theory of relativity He says that information about what enters the black hole cannot come out, but quantum mechanics says that this is impossible.

Calmette and colleagues say they have shown that star components leave an imprint on the black hole’s gravitational field.

Scientists called this imprint “quantum poetry” Because his theory replaces an earlier idea called “theory from the absence of hairor”or “no hair”(In English , No hair theory) was developed by Professor John Archibald Wheeler of Princeton University in New Jersey in the 1960s.

Wheeler came up with this name because it conveys the mathematical description of a black hole: the entity that It has mass and charge and turnAnd the But otherwise It has no other physical properties. She is “bald” so to speak.

The “theory sI am the hair“ Written by Professor Calmette, published in the journal physical review letters, It is revolutionary. It claims to solve Hawking’s paradox that has troubled physicists so badly since it was invented by Hawking in the 1970s.

The paradox has raised the possibility that quantum mechanics or general relativity may be flawed, a terrifying prospect for theoretical physicists because they are the two pillars on which most of our understanding of the universe rests.

This new theory claims to resolve the paradox by bridging the gap between general relativity and quantum mechanics.

The idea of ​​quantum hair allows information about what enters a black hole to exit without violating any important principles of either theory. It’s a simple and elegant solution.

“But it will take some time for people to accept it,” Calmette says.

This is because it is a huge problem in the world of theoretical physics.

“Hawking came up with a paradox the year I was born,” Calmette says.

Since then, many famous physicists around the world have worked on it, coming up with some very dramatic things to explain, including some who suggested that some aspects of quantum mechanics were wrong.

“So it will take some time for people to accept that. There is no need for a radical solution to the problemExplain the world.

If poetry’s existence holds up to scrutiny, Calmette says it could be the first step in linking the theories of relativity, which deals with gravity, and quantum mechanics, which focuses heavily on the other three forces of nature, electromagnetism and the two nuclear forces.

“One consequence of Hawking’s paradox has been that general relativity and quantum mechanics are incompatible. What we discover is that They are very compatible“.

The research team, which also includes Professor Roberto Casadio from the University of Bologna in Italy, and Professor Stephen Hsu from Michigan State University in the US, has built on the work of Professor Suvrat Raju from the International Science Center. Theoretically, in Bengaluru, India. Raju believes that together they have resolved Hawking’s paradox.

“In recent years, it has been recognized that the baldness theory fails due to quantum effects and this solves the Hawking paradox,” he said.

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